Mangup-Kale was the capital of the independent principality of Theodoro. Today it is a large cave city with remains of a fortress. It was situated on the large tableland of Baba-Dag (which means ‘Father's Mountain') in the southwestern foothills. It was protected by walls and towers and served as a strong defence hub, but in 1475, after a six-month siege, it surrendered to Turks. Mangup-Kale is located between the Zalesnoye and Ternovka villages. Today it is part of the Bakhchisarai History, Culture and Archaeology Museum Reserve.